Babotie (South African "meatloaf")

I stumbled upon Boboti after having planning to make meatloaf, only to be completely uninterested at the idea when the meat was thawed. An internet search lead me to the South African dish Bobotie, which will now replace standard meatloaf, at least for the foreseeable future.  It is SO good - the topping, more like the whipped potatoes in a shepherd's pie, is actually a savory egg custard. It is light and creamy and so perfect on the meat pie. The spicing is what does it though: tangy tamarind and lemon zest, with coriander and turmeric and curry. It is really quite the star dish. 

After perusing many, many recipes, I mainly modified the recipe from African Bites, subbing almond flour and cornmeal for the bread. I also just made up my own chutney using tamarind paste, a date, some dried sour cherries, a spoonful of apricot preserves, some fermented jalapenos and a splash of fish sauce. I also increased added some ginger and  increased the garlic in the main dish, rather than make more for the chutney. If you have chutney on hand, that would work, but really you can throw whatever you have together and make your own. Mine was not sweet, and instead more tangy from the tamarind, which I really love. Reading the variety of recipes makes me think that you can take some liberties with spicing. I was low on curry powder, so added in some Ras El Hanout (Moroccan spice mix).

Traditionally this would be served with yellow rice and vegetables (according to African Bites), so I made some rice, perhaps a little more Ethiopian style, and collards, and it was perfect. I ate this over the course of a week and it was delicious every time. Yum. 

Meat mixture

2 T butter

2 med onions, finely diced

2 T garlic

1+ T ginger

1/2 c almond flour or cornmeal, or a combo

1/2 c milk

1 1/2 T curry powder

1 tsp turmeric

1 tsp ground cumin

1 tsp coriander

2 pounds ground beef (or do half pork half beef)

1 1/2 T dried thyme/basil/oregano

1 large apple, grated

1/3-1/2 c fruit chutney

1/4 c raisins (optional) *I added a handful of dried sour cherries

1 lemon, juice and zest

salt and pepper to taste

 

Savory egg Custard topping

3 eggs

5-6 bay leaves or kafir lime leaves 

1/2 c cream

1/2 c milk

Instructions

• Pre-heat oven to 350 degrees.
• In a medium bowl, mix together milk and cornmeal/almond flour. Set aside. 
  
• Lightly grease a 9×13-inch baking dish, or a cast iron.
  
• Heat up a large saucepan or large skillet over medium heat, add butter until melted, followed by onions, garlic and ginger. Saute for about 3 minutes just until soft and fragrant.
  
• Next stir in the spices: curry powder, turmeric, ground cumin, coriander and dried herbs.
  
• Add ground beef, stirring constantly to break it up, cook until beef is no longer pink or slightly brown. Remove from the stove.
  
• Add to a bowl, followed by flour/milk mixture, chutney, grated apple, and lemon juice and zest  – add raisins here, if desired. Season to taste with salt and pepper.
  
• Add beef mixture into greased casserole dish or cast iron pan. Using a spoon press the beef mixture down. (This will help keep the eggs mixture afloat and form a nice custardy top when baked.)
  
• Bake in the oven for 40-45 minutes.
  
• While bobotie is baking, mix together eggs, cream, milk and a ¼ teaspoon of turmeric, plus a little salt.
  
• Take the meat out of the oven, pour the eggs mixture over the beef. Arrange the bay leaves (or kaffir lime leaves) on top of it .
  
• Bake for another 20 minutes (start checking after 15 minutes ) or until the eggs mixture has set.
  
• Remove and let it rest for a few minutes then serve with yellow rice* and vegetables.
  

Scrapple

Scrapple! How I have not thought to make this before is a wonder to me, as it combines all kinds of things I love - liver, bone broth, and I used wild rice along with cornmeal - all in a breakfast sausage/toast kind of thing. It is so good! Good enough to resurrect a blog post. Because of the collagen-y broth, this sets (and keeps) in the fridge, so you just slice off a piece and then fry it up.

I mostly followed Forager Chef's recipe, but Hank Shaw at Hunter, Angler, Gardener, Cook has a nice looking one for the more traditional pig head scrapple. I don't know if my farm could get me a pig head, but might be fun to try. Scrapple seems fairly flexible, and I almost always have liver and bone broth around, which makes this pretty easy. For this first attempt I used a pound of goat liver and 3 slices of bacon (because it is what I had in the fridge), though any bits of leftover meat would do. You could start the whole thing from scratch following their recipes if you have meaty bones/a pig head. 

Liver (or organ) Scrapple

• 3-4 slices bacon
• half small onion, diced
• 16 oz lamb/goat/chicken livers (or a mix of livers/hearts/kidneys)
  
• 4 c bone broth (you need the collagen!) 
• 1 T salt
• 1 c cornmeal (fine or course)
• 1 c wild rice flour (ground wild rice)
  
• 1/4 c buckwheat flour
• 3/4 tsp pepper
• 1/4 tsp allspice
• 1/4 tsp nutmeg
• 1/4 tsp cinnamon

1. Prepare a loaf pan: I recommend using tin foil, parchment, or wax paper under/along the sides of a greased pan so that you can easily lift out the scrapple. Or, just grease the loaf pan and have at it. 
   
2. Cook bacon slices and render out the fat. When bacon is done, brown the onions in said fat.
3. In a food processor, process the liver (or offal) with bacon and onions and grind to a paste. (This is kind of weird b/c the offal is raw.) Put this mix into a small saucepan and cook for several minutes to sweat off the excess moisture. It will probably stick to the bottom of the pan, so stir as you go. 
4. Whisk the flours and spices in a large bowl.
   
5. In a large saucepan or pot, heat the bone broth and whisk in the flours. Keep whisking until it starts to thicken. Turn heat to low, and stir regularly for 15 minutes, then add the meat mix and cook another 30 minutes, stirring regularly so it does not stick OR put the whole thing in the loaf pan and cook in a 300 degree oven for 30 minutes. **I was too afraid of all the sticking, being as my mixture was so thick after 5 minutes with just the rice and cornmeal. So I added everything in then and there and stuck it all in the oven for 40 minutes. Alan Bergo says to bake it covered, but I found mine needed to be uncovered halfway through.
6. When the scrapple is fairly solid and the cornmeal/wild rice is well cooked, "pour" (more like spoon) the mixture into the greased loaf pan. Chill the pan, uncovered on the counter until room temperature, then refrigerate, covered with plastic wrap, until completely set before slicing.

Serve with eggs and whatever you like. Many people eat this with maple syrup, a la bacon and pancakes. I thought it was delicious as a conduit for runny eggs.   

Roasted spicy nuts

My lapse in posting is being lifted by my need to save this Ottolenghi recipe!! These are delicious, and seem perfect for holiday gifting or snacking. The honey in there is very subtle, they don't taste sweet. The nigella seeds (aka black cumin seeds) and rosemary combo, with the heat from the cayenne, is delicious. Nigella seeds have lots of medicinal properties, good for treating inflammation and lung stuff, so are an extra bonus. I wonder about even adding a little turmeric too, which I'll try next time. 

*I actually was out of cayenne, so I used Ethiopian mitmita spice, which was great.

Ingredients

• 100g cashew nuts
• 100g macadamia nuts
• 120g pecan nuts
• 60g whole almonds (skin on)
• 80g pumpkin seeds
• 1 tbsp sunflower seeds
• 2 tbsp nigella seeds 
• 3 tbsp sunflower oil (I used avocado oil)
  
• 2 tbsp honey
• 1 tsp fine salt
• 2 sprigs rosemary, leaves picked
• 2 tsp coarsely ground black pepper
• 2 tsp cayenne

Directions:

1. Preheat the oven to 325F. Scatter all the ingredients except the pepper and cayenne in a roasting tray. Roast for 15-17 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the nuts turn dark brown. Remove, stir in the pepper and cayenne, and taste. Add salt if you like. Leave to cool in the tray, stirring from time to time. Once cool, transfer to an air-tight container.
   

Quick Cucumber Kimchi

I am flush in cucumbers! I planted 5 varieties this year, and even though the 5th, tiny watermelon looking cucumbers, are still just barely starting, the other 4 are prolific. Which means plenty of pickles and cucumber salads, and now, thanks to a lack of any protein other than sardines (which I love with rice and kimchi for easy dinner), cucumber kimchi! I made it once before in 2012 according to this food blog. It was a whole cucumber stuffed with the kimchi paste/fixings. Why have I not made it again?! (I see I made that first version sans korean pepper flakes or fish sauce, so um, no wonder it wasn't as good! These two ingredients are fairly critical.)

 

This time I made a quick version and just tossed cucumber slices with salt, then mixed that with kimchi fixings. YUM! It was so easy, and so delicious. I ate it first with rice and sardines and sesame greens, and then the next day with fried eggs and green beans. The latter was reminiscent of cold cucumber sesame noodles in a bibimbap kind of way. I love this quick kimchi, espcially since I am at the final dregs of last year's fermented napa iteration. I grew my own daikon this year, and my carrots are just starting to get big enough to pick, so this is a nearly entirely home-grown concoction.

I looked up a few recipe inspirations, and mostly followed this one from David Chang of Food and Wine, except for slicing my cukes up, not using sugar or shrimp paste, and only using red onions. It was still good. I wanted more ginger. I was also worried about what was more or less raw garlic, bc usually that means I taste garlic for hours afterwards, but that didn't happen. I assume it was chopped finely enough, and had just enough time in the salty mix. Unlike napa kimchi, this version doesn't release as much liquid due to a shorter ferment time, if you can even call it fermentation. I made a big batch, and left half out 4 hours or so, and the other half for about 20 hours. The latter was softer and a bit more mild and liquidy. I preferred the first version, so next time I'll refrigerate any leftovers. I am sure this would still be good after 30 minutes, so just mix it up and eat if that is all you have time for!

 

My (loose) version of the recipe (see linked recipe for measurements) for my future reference:

• cucumbers, sliced thin
• salt
  
• Korean red pepper flakes
• garlic cloves, minced
• ginger, finely sliced (a lot!)
• red onion, sliced thin
  
• small amount of julienned carrot and daikon
• fish sauce
• tamari

Mix a fair amount of salt with cucumber slices and sit in a colander while you mix up the remaining ingredients in a large bowl. The cucumbers will sweat and start to drain. After 10 minutes, rinse the cuke slices and add them to the bowl. Stir well, and add salt to taste. It should be salty - it's more of a condiment, so a little saltier than you salt your regular food. 

This was delicious with sesame greens (mustard and tatsoi greens sauteed with garlic in sesame oil), sardines and rice, and also with green beans and fried eggs. I love rice with kimchi, you really can't go wrong!

Dried Sour Cherries (and cherry oxymel)

I got A LOT of sour cherries this year thanks to my generous neighbor, and because I had some big plans: cherry mead, cherry oxymel and dried cherries, cherry bounce, and I made one cherry crisp. The mead did not work, or rather, I jettisoned it because it smelled a little off (I was making in conjunction with my first ever mead, so in retrospect I wonder if it would have been better to start with sugar, but alas). After I composted it, I wondered if it was okay and it was just the lack of sugar that tasted bad. I don't know, but it was definitely different than my previous two fruit wines (made with sugar). I ordered a few new wine implements to check the sugar/alcohol and acid levels, so they will offer better guidance as I continue to make fruit wines.

I was most curious about making dried sour cherries to replace store bought craisins. I experimented with soaking the cherries in a few different ratios of honey/apple cider vinegar to infuse some sweetness, and I dried some straight up. I enjoyed the experimentation, and in each case got cherry syrup, oxymel or juice along with the cherries - win/win! My favorite ratio was the middle sweetness one, though all had their merits. I hadn't realized the difference it would make to use more/less vinegar/honey overall, and the one I used the least of that started to ferment like my wine. It was the largest vessel, and now I am left with an effervescent cherry juice that is fizzy to drink. Yum! It's like cherry juice with kombucha - or really, sour cherry shrub. (It is good plain, and I did try some mixed with gin, which was also delicious, see photo at right of what remains in the half gallon jar!)

Here were my trials that I set out for 2 weeks, except the last one which was just 1 week:

1. Half gallon jar filled with cherries plus 1 c honey and 2 c apple cider vinegar (my favorite one that is also an oxymel that I will use for salad dressing, or I could cook it down for a sweet/sour syrup);
2. Quart jar with 2/3 c honey plus 3 T cider vinegar (sweetest version where the cherries tasted distinctly of honey and the resulting juice was more of a cherry syrup, this was my least favorite);
   
3. Gallon jar filled with as many cherries as I could stuff in with 1 1/2 c honey and 3/4 cup of apple cider vinegar (least sweet and least honey/vinegar to stabilize the cherry juice. It was most active/fermenting and I stopped the process after a week because I feared the fermentation could eat up all the sweet. I have the most of these and they are good, but #1 is better, even though this is the batch that resulted in the very delicious shrub).

*Note if you make any of these, you need to release some pressure from tight fitting jar lids, or to have an air release because of the apple cider vinegar. I did use some gadgets to try to keep the cherries submerged, but the cherries kept popping up. No mold emerged, so I think there was enough sweetness to prevent that.

I think the most magic combo might actually be something I did not do: 1 quart of cherries with 1/2 c honey and 1/2 c cider vinegar. That is less vinegar than version #1, which I don't think is needed with all of the cherry juice, so the oxymel might end up a little more shrub-like (sweeter, less vinegary). Next year!

To dehydrate:

• I set the dehydrator for fruit at 135 degrees. All of my cherries were pitted, though varied in size. I didn't have the time/capacity to sort through and sift out cherries as they finished, but most of the cherries seemed done after about 20 hours. 
• Some cherries got very dry and hard, and some stayed plump, but most were in the middle. The straight up cherries (with no honey or vinegar) were the most tart, and edible to my palate, but no sweetness. I have snacked on them with some nuts and a piece of dark chocolate. :) 
• The plump cherries seem less shelf stable to me, so I put them in the freezer, but they are delicious. If I wasn't going for shelf stable things, I would just make a bunch only midway dried because they are amazing: a bit plump and chewy, sweet with a tiny bit of tang.
  

Sour cherry pancakes (Cherry blintz style)

We are in the time of sour cherries! I think I have harvested about 8 gallons worth, and I might have hit my max. Cherries are soaking in various vinegar/honey oxymel ratios on the counter, they are fermenting for wine, and are in bowls waiting to be pitted, with more pits strewn on the floor, and my compost bucket heaped with more (thank you cherry pitter - what an amazing tool). My prime experimentation right now (besides the wine) is to dehydrate the cherries and make a version of craisins, hence the variety of ratios of honey/apple cider vinegar jars on the counter. I will post my favorite results, but it will be a couple of weeks yet.

My current favorite way to eat the cherries is to mash them up with some heavy cream, shredded coconut, and a splash of maple syrup. It's like ice cream that isn't frozen. And because I had an open package of bacon, I thought I might try that topping on pancakes, except I wanted something a little less rich. So I used yogurt and tahini instead of cream, which was stellar. It made me think of cherry blintzes, though I think those usually mean a more crepe-like pancake. Somehow the tahini-yogurt combo creates that cheese-like quality, and flavor-wise, this hits the blintz mark (at least as I seem to have it in my memory!). 

I had lots of whey from my raw milk yogurt exploits, so I tried an oat soaked pancake recipe that I found very tasty. To be fair, all of this extra sweet in the form of maple syrup or honey is not standard operating procedure for me, so it's like party time over here. I mean, OF COURSE stuff with a little maple syrup or honey is delicious. This is why the sugar industry is big business! Still, it's moderate enough for me, and feels like a seasonal treat that I am willing to indulge.

The pancake recipe is courtesy of Nourishing Days, which is a blog by a couple who lives off grid and favor traditional, fermented foods. It's super simple, and hearty. I followed it closely, except I made only 1/3 of it (I did not add any honey). I did use a little extra whey and water, just to make sure the oats were thoroughly covered. Basically, the soaking is just enough liquid to fill the oats up. The version below serves 3.

Ingredients

• 1 1/2 cups rolled oats
• 1/2 cup warm water
• 1/4 cup whey, yogurt, buttermilk, or water with a splash of vinegar
• 3 eggs, beaten
• 1 teaspoon baking powder
• pinch of salt
• 1 tablespoon honey (optional)
• 1 1/2 teaspoons cinnamon (optional)
• 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract (optional)
• coconut oil or butter for cooking

Directions

1. The day before you wish to serve the pancakes for breakfast combine the oats, warm water, and whey in a medium-sized bowl. Mix well, mashing the oats down into the liquid as much as possible. Leave in a warm place for 12-24 hours. (I used a little extra whey and water here.)
   
2. In the morning preheat your skillet over a medium-low heat.
3. Combine the eggs, baking powder, salt, and other flavorings in a small bowl. Pour the egg mixture into the oat mixture and stir to combine. It will be thick, unlike regular pancake batter.
4. Allow your coconut oil or butter to melt in your warm skillet. For each pancake scoop a heaping tablespoon or two of batter into your skillet. Gently spread the batter until 1/16-1/8 inch thick. (It really is quite spreadable, so even though it looks like a small amount, it stretches.)
   
5. Allow to cook until the bottom has set and the edges and top begin to dry out, about 4-5 minutes. Flip and allow to cook another 3 minutes or so.
6. Serve warm with butter, nut butter, jam, honey, or real maple syrup. *For Cherry Blintz version, see below!
   

Cherry Blintz topping (approximate measurements, this is highly dependent on the thickness of your tahini and yogurt):

• 1/2 c cherries
• 1/2 c thin yogurt  (if thick, use half water half yogurt)
  
• 2-3 T tahini 
• 1-2 T maple syrup

Mix the yogurt and tahini first to get a smoother consistency. My yogurt is quite liquid-y (think thin kefir), so it worked to thin out the tahini, and with the cherries and their juice, hit the perfect consistency. You would need to add water if your yogurt is thick. Add the cherries and use a spoon to press/mash them against the side of the bowl to release more liquid. Add maple syrup to taste.

*I also added some black raspberries and a few milkweed flowers just because I'd picked them this morning and they seemed in the right color pallet!

Pollen Honey Fudge

I was really excited to make this recipe from my new favorite blogger, Forager Chef. I almost missed cattail pollen season, but last week while doing my regular walk around Lake Hiawatha, I spied the cattails and went in for a closer look. Sure enough, the tops were emitting yellow powder. I feel hesitant to collect pollen from plants so near the golf course or roads, cattails being useful for removing toxins in the environment by absorbing them, but I'd been cataloging a few locations on some hikes around the city that felt a bit more remote. So that night I headed out to one spot, and another the following day. That 2nd day was windier, and I only got about a tablespoon of pollen, despite some of the cattail shoots just opening and turning yellow. When people say it is a short harvesting season, they are right! 

I got about a cup of pollen from both trips, a low return on two hours of time, but enough to do something with. I consoled myself that first attempts at anything have lower yields, and now I am more aware of what I am looking for. 

So! This pollen fudge - it totally highlights the pollen. It's so yellow! I had to add a little more pollen than Forager Chef suggested, but that might be because I loosely measured my honey and may have been a little off. In any case, his recipe follows, which he says was inspired by Chinese and Iraqi pollen confections. His recipe links to this YouTube video of Pine Tree Flower Cake made by a woman in China, which is totally stunning. I watched more of her videos - no wonder she has millions of views! I found this fudge tasty, unlike anything else I've eaten, and a nice post dinner bite. I found I wanted a little crunch, so I tried rolling one in shredded coconut (good), and will try another in some crushed roasted nuts.

My one cup of cattail pollen.

Ingredients

• 5 tablespoons pine or cattail pollen (previously frozen to sterilize it)
• 1 tablespoon unsalted butter or coconut oil for a vegan version
• 4 teaspoons mild honey
• Pinch kosher salt

Instructions

• Combine all the ingredients in a bowl, working with a fork until it just comes together, then switch to your hands and knead to a soft mass.
• Gauge the texture of the fudge, if it seems to soft to work with, add some more pollen.
• Chill the “fudge” to make it stiffen if it gets too soft on you. I like to form them, then chill to hold their shape. Just imagine you’re working with PlayDoh
• Shape the fudge into truffles, or another shape, dust with powdered dried pine needles, chopped fresh spruce tips, or more pollen as for truffles, and serve as a small sweet after a meal.